Usually, each vendor such as MySQL, Oracle etc. Here the middle tier implements the JDBC driver to interact with the particular database.Ī JDBC driver is a set of classes/interfaces that implements the interfaces that are provided in the JDBC API such as, in database specific way. In the 3-tier architecture, the client delivers the command to the middle tier this then sends the command to the database or other data source. In the 2-tier architecture, java apps directly communicate with the data source using JDBC API. JDBC architecture can be 2-tier or 3-tier. Java application code calls a JDBC library JDBC (DriverManager class) then loads a database driver and the driver then talks to a particular database. JDBC extension API also provides extension services such as connection pooling, using XA enabled connection for distributed transactions etc. The DataSource interface is an alternative to DriverManager for establishing a connection with a data source. This package provides services for Java EE such as DataSource and RowSet. The extension API javax.sql provides the API for server-side data source access and processing from Java. The DriverManager class is the main component here that loads drivers and retrieves a connection. This package provides the foundation and most commonly used objects such as Connection, ResultSet, Statement, and PreparedStatement. The core API java.sql provides the API for accessing and processing the data stored in a database (usually a relational database) using Java.

The JDBC API is defined by two packages in Java: JDBC also allow us to access an ODBC-based database using a JDBC-ODBC bridge.

JDBC is portable since Java is portable across platforms. You pass SQL to java methods in the JDBC classes and get back JDBC objects that represent the results of your query. JDBC actually lets you access any tabular data sources like relational databases, spreadsheets or even flat files. from Java in a standard way using the SQL language. JDBC is an API for accessing data in relational databases such as Oracle, MySQL etc.

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